Baptist Student Union - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1396 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/06/14 Category Management Essay Level High school Tags: Profile Essay Did you like this example? The room was alive with pure excitement and wonder over the show that was about to start. Ticket collectors were stationed, in full costume of whatever show they were from of course, to make sure everyone took the correct seats. The Jones Performing Arts Center is adorned with bright red seats and silky grey carpet that give it a Broadway feel. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Baptist Student Union" essay for you Create order Xylo bands were distributed to each waiting audience member who was confused yet delighted all at once. The room slowly dimmed and the loud noises slowly faded into murmurs that fizzled into nothingness. Ouachita Baptist was kicking off their homecoming weekend with the most anticipated completion on campus, Tiger Toons. Located about an hour and a half from Conway sits a renowned private college in Arkadelphia, Ouachita Baptist University. OBU claims that for over 130 years they have been committed to encouraging a love of God and a love of learning within their students. Ouachita is an Arkansas Baptist State Convention affiliated campus, however you do not have to be a part of a religious group to attend the campus. The University has a vast amount of events to entertain students of all kinds. Such events include Tiger Toons, Tiger Serve Day, social clubs, intramurals, and hanging out in the updated Student Center. Mrs. Greer attended OBU about 20 years ago and completed a political science degree with plans at the time to attend law school. She now is a stay at home mom of three and currently has a son enrolled on the campus. Mrs. Greer a petite, average height, and physically fit woman with a defined runners physique greeted me at her door with a warm and inviting hello. Her blond hair was held loosely in a tousled ponytail and she was adorned in athletic clothing due to her recent training run. Despite the post training outfit, there was a strong scent of perfume that wafted behind her. As I sat down at the kitchen table she apologized profusely for the mess her other three children had caused. A few cuties and other miscellaneous cups decorated the counters. I asked her what she thought of her overall experience at Ouachita. She was noticeably nervous and was wringing her hands throughout the entirety of her response to this question. She claimed that overall her experience was fantastic an d then nervously added The class sizes allow you to -uh- I guess the word Im looking for is be seen. You cant really hide in a class of 20 or less. She described the professors as being friendly and very approachable, which makes sense due to OBUs Student-Faculty Ratio being 13:1, compared to that of the University of Arkansas which is 19:1. Mrs. Greer elaborated on how the professors work with the students in the case of a dear family friend who had an emergency appendix removal the first week of class. The faculty of OBU did not penalize the student for the class time missed and communicated ways of catching back up in their studies. At this point Mrs. Greer became more relaxed and smiled warmly across the table. Being a private college, Ouachita is almost fully funded by the tuition of students and receives little to no Federal subsidies. In order to offer scholarships to returning juniors and seniors a foundation known as the Ouachita Student Foundation, OSF for short, was created. The scholarships are for junior and senior students only and are selected by a blind committee. In order to fund those scholarships, events like Tiger Toons and Track and Field day are hosted. All of the proceeds from those events go directly into the scholarship funds. Out of all the events hosted Tiger Toons is the largest and earns the most money each year. This years Toons brought in about $150,000. OSF took a risk with addition of Xylo bands which they were able to buy to rent. according to Ms.Tucker. For every band that was returned, OSF received a credit back. Ms. Tucker explained it by claiming say each band was $10, if returned they would gain $5 back. Every Xyloband was returned for the 2018 Tunes. Tiger Toons is a musical competition brought together by a select group of hosts and by social clubs on campus. The hosts are the most important part of Toons and are essentially the stars of the show. In order to be a host you do not have to be a music major, however you do have to go through a multi- tiered audition process. The first audition is a group audition consisting of all different voice parts in order to see how the person sings with harmony. The next portion is a dance because the show consists of both singing and dancing. The dance will be learned on the spot and then judged by the quickness and correctness of learning. After that students will take a vocal pop quiz, aka they sing a random song and add choreography. The next, and final, round is a group audition again however, this time it is a cappella. Overall to be a host you must be a strong vocal performer and be a skilled dancer. The other performers of Toons are the Ouachita Social clubs. They are called social clubs because Ouachita does not endorse Sororities and Fraternities, each group on campus can only be found at OBU. For the 2018 Tiger Toons there were 10 performance groups, 8 were social clubs and the remaining two were Campus Life and Student Life which both do not require membership and cater specifically to freshman who waited a year before picking a social club but still wanted to be a part of Toons. Each group must pick a theme, pick three of four songs, and then change the lyrics to fit the theme. They are adorned with costumes and learn a full dance routine along with the music. Students only receive 3 weeks to rehearse for the event and the guidelines are very strict. In regards to the 2018 show, rehersal began on September 3rd. The Vice President of OSF Selby Tucker was a participant of Toons herself. She explained that each group is only allotted a maximum of 15 hours per week and a practice log must be turned in with the exact amount of hours. Ms. Tucker is a member of EEE on campus and said that the EEEs used all 15 hours each week. Practice hours are up to the discretion of the clubs as well as the days of rehearsal. Some groups practiced Monday- Friday, while groups like the Tri-Chis only practiced Friday nights because they had shorter practice schedules. The EEEs are a very competitive club , which payed off because the group won all the awards offered the night I attended Toons, but other clubs such as the Beta Betas choose not to use all the allotted hours per week as pointed out by Ms. Tucker. The place of rehearsal also depends on the club and the size of the club. Many clubs, like the EEEs, use church fellowship halls to accomodate their 135 members. Each winning team is awarded a cash reward and most turn around and donate the winnings back to OSF. Tiger Toons has been going on for 40 years as of the 2018 show. Mrs. Greer was a participant of Tiger Toons her sophomore year through the Baptist Student Union now formally known as Stu dent Life. When asked about what surprised or frustrated her she removed eye contact and began looking around the room as if her answer was hidden in the kitchen cabinets. After an awkward pause she claimed that it surprised her how quickly friendships were made in those 3 weeks and how large the program was at the time. As we got to her frustrations she began touching her hair frequently as if nervous to share her opinion. She anxiously explained, I guess my main frustration would be the long grueling hours of rehearsals because I was a straight A student who participated in a work study 15 hours a week for the Office of Applicant Affairs. Tiger Toons is specific to Ouachita Baptist however similar events exists at other colleges. For example Baylor host Baylor Sings and Harding University has a similar event as well. The 2017 Tiger Toons won the CASE Outstanding Student Advancement Program Award this year on February 24. OBU beat out other big name schools such as University o f Oklahoma and Oklahoma State University.

Myne Owne Ground Book Review - 1063 Words

T.H. Breen’s and Stephen Innes’s book â€Å"Myne Owne Ground† did an outstanding job of showing readers the differences in perspectives of African people living in Virginia, one of the thirteen original colonies. It went in depth and showed how an indentured African person was competent and was capable of acquiring a wealth comparable to what a wealthy white person has. However, it would never be recognized by the general white population. There are two main themes in this book, whether the society, which was introduced in this book, was color blind or not. On one hand, the authors made an argument that the African people was able to live normally and be viewed as relatively equal to white if they were rich and owned plenty properties. On the†¦show more content†¦Whether Virginia was a color-blind society or not, lots of examples were used to support each of the themes. The readers could easily follow the two main themes by reading through the book. To s upport that Virginia was not a color-blind society, the authors used African â€Å"indentured servants† as examples to illustrate the differences among African and white people, such as how Virginia court treat run-away â€Å"indentured servants†, how â€Å"indentured servants† were named with racial prejudice, and how law makers set African people apart. On the other hand, for what supports that Virginia was a color-blind society, the authors used plenty of examples as well. The most significant examples should be how Anthony Johnson and Emanuell Driggus, as examples of rich African people, were treated by the society. From those aspects, readers could easily find out that Virginia colony was a color-blind society when an African person became wealthy. â€Å"Myne Owne Ground† is a book that basically tells the readers how African â€Å"indentured servants† were treated by the colony in 1600s. Overall, this book is touching and vivid for those read ers whose ancestors were not African. The authors used lots of examples throughout the entire book to describe the images that how African â€Å"indentured servants† got treated. That is very persuasive for readers to believe what happened during that time, and that can be regarded as one of theShow MoreRelatedMyne Owne Ground Review Essay766 Words   |  4 PagesA. Layne Wilson Old South Dr. Gates 6/12/12 Myne Owne Ground Review T.H. Breens and Stephen Innes’s book Myne Owne Ground does and outstanding job of pointing out the difference in perspectives when it came to living in the south and being black was like. It goes in depth and shows how a black person was competent and was capable to acquire a wealth that was comparable to a wealthy white man, but it is never recognized by the general white population. The authors make an argument thatRead MoreBibliographic Essay on African American History6221 Words   |  25 PagesThompson’s Shining Thread of Hope: The History of Black Women in America (New York: Broadway Books, 1998), a work highlighting the presence of women. Juliet E. K. Walker’s The History of Black Business in America: Capitalism, Race, Entrepreneurship (New York: Twayne Publishers, 1998) is a general historical overview of blacks in business across time. Of a more limited scope is A’Lelia Bundles’ On Her Own Ground: The Life and Times of Madam C. J. Walker (New York: Scribner, 2001), touted as a definitive

HTML5 Being Used to Develop Games

Question: How is HTML5 Being Used to Develop Games? Answer: Introduction HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is used to mark up pages on the World Wide Web (WWW). WWW has long outgrown its text-only origins (Peter, 2004), and the users of Internet and WWW demand more media-rich and interactive experiences. This advancement shows in the latest version of HTML, the HTML5 with its focus to allow for easier and efficient web applications development without third-party plugins (Sarris, 2013) in addition to supporting the existing markup ("HTML Design Principles", 2007). The new Application Programming Interface (API) launched with HTML5 allow for manipulating media and for functionalities in the native browser itself. The APIs introduced in HTML include Canvas, Full Screen, Web Audio API, WebGL, Geolocation, Indexed Database, File, and others (Patel, n.d.). The new technologies available in HTML5 allow for the creation of applications which mimic the standard applications which are installed on a device like Android (apps) or Windows (applications). Such capabil ities include video games also. A video game is an interactive game played using specialised equipment ("the definition of video game", n.d.). The attraction of Web technologies is that they do not discriminate or have favourites (Beckerle, 2016). Web technologies like Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), HTML, XML (eXtensible Markup Language), and JavaScript are standard. These technologies behave the same across platforms (like Android, iOS, Linux and other operating systems) and devices (computers, mobiles, televisions, game consoles and other devices which support Web browsing). This universal approach has the huge benefit of developing the product (website, web application, or a game) once and have it work across so many platforms and devices. The cost and time savings in developing video games in HTML5 (Chong, 2017) is one of the reasons why the businesses and developer community is taking an interest in developing games in HTML5. This paper explores how HTML5 is being used to develop games. Background Video games are a lucrative business (Cox, 2014). The recent addition of new platforms in the way of mobile devices has not cut into the domains of consoles or computers (Needleman, 2016) but has created a new market of smaller and quick-to-complete-levels video games. The mobile devices have brought new demographics like children, housewives and the elderly to the video gaming industry. As discussed earlier, the number of platforms and operating systems pose a business decision as to which combinations of platform/operating system to support and budget/time. Web technologies allow bypassing this dilemma by being equally accessible on all of the financially important platforms and operating systems. This combination of business opportunity, efficiency in developing a game, and a universal technology brings us to the topic of this paper - how is HTML5 being used to develop video games and this will be answered in the next section. Answers to the Research Questions Games are developed using HTML5 by utilising the APIs released in this version of HTML. These APIs enable the various aspects of a game like the display of graphics, interaction with user input, audio. Specifically, a game developer wishing to develop games in HTML5 would be interested in the Full Screen, Gamepad, Typed Arrays, HTML audio, WebGL, Indexed Database, WebRTC, WebSockets, Web Workers, Pointer Lock, AJAX, File, SVG and the core HTML, CSS and JavaScript technologies. As per the drawing of graphics, a developer has the option to choose among Canvas, SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), or a combination of both. Either option is suited for a particular scenario (Rousset, n.d.). A canvas element is like a bitmap image in that once the picture is drawn in the Web browser, the result is unintelligible to the browser and cannot allow for detailed control of the various parts that made the original image. Canvas will have issues when zoomed in or displayed on higher resolution displays than the one for which it was originally designed. The SVG is infinitely scalable and thus does not have any issues like pixelation. An SVG element gets attached to the Document Object Model (DOM) and thus allows for fine-tuning using CSS as well as JavaScript. Canvas only supports JavaScript. However, the canvas is fast, and SVG is slow. For developing a game, a combination of both - having the best of both worlds - is recommended (Dengler, 2011). Regarding audio, due to the considerations for mobile devices, certain roadblocks are present in the current implementations of Web browsers ("Audio for Web games", 2015). These issues are not problems per se and think about the user first, which is a good thing e.g. mobile browsers disallow preloading a video to help avoid any unwanted mobile data usage. Audio sprites, Audio API and AJAX, are used to manage the audio for the game. Animations are a core feature of even the simple games. Web technologies provide ways for efficient manipulation at a higher level than the native controls using libraries. These libraries are open-source and thus free and have the benefit of knowledge of programmers all over the world. Some of these libraries include Animator JS (Lord, n.d.) and Phaser. Even the craziest ideas in a game must be reliable i.e. every time the player initiates an identical set of actions the response must be identical to the previous time. For this, the game also requires reliable physics engine. Physics is essential for detecting collisions as well as managing projectiles (like in Angry Birds game). Popular engines of game development include Ninja Physics, Arcade Physics, P2. All of these are free-and-open-source. These are bundled in the Phaser library mentioned above. To enable the game to work without Internet connection, and to save game state locally, Indexed Database API is used. This API is designed for high-performance, can handle arbitrarily large amounts of data and uses indexes for fast searches ("IndexedDB API", 2016). All this data is stored on the user's device and is managed by the Web browser. Indexed Database is a transactional database system like the ones used by server-side technologies like MySQL. WebSockets technology is used to manage communication between the local copy of the game on player's device and the game server, possibly in real-time (as in online multiplayer games). What WebSockets does is open a live two-way communication line between the client and server, where the client can receive new responses without having to poll the server ("WebSockets", 2017). HTML and CSS are used to create the interface of the game and JavaScript is used to develop the functionality of the game. Existing games can also be ported to Web-based games using JavaScript libraries like Emscripten or Asm.js ("Introduction to game development for the Web", 2015). References Audio for Web games. (2015). Mozilla Developer Network. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Games/Techniques/Audio_for_Web_Games Beckerle, M. (2016). Cross-Platform Desktop Apps Development Using Web Technologies | Making Sense Blog. Making Sense. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://blog.makingsense.com/2016/09/cross-platform-desktop-apps-development-using-web-technologies/ Patel, V. A 5 minute overview of all new JavaScript APIs in HTML5. Htmlgoodies.com. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.htmlgoodies.com/html5/javascript/a-5-minute-overview-of-all-new-javascript-apis-in-html5.html Chong, B. (2017). Would a brand spend $20,000 to acquire 10,000 users? - MarketJS Blog. Marketjs.com. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.marketjs.com/blog/would-a-brand-spend-$20000-to-acquire-10000-users Cox, K. (2014). Its Time To Start Treating Video Game Industry Like The $21 Billion Business It Is. Consumerist. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://consumerist.com/2014/06/09/its-time-to-start-treating-video-game-industry-like-the-21-billion-business-it-is/ Dengler, P. (2011). Thoughts on when to use Canvas and SVG. IEBlog. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/ie/2011/04/22/thoughts-on-when-to-use-canvas-and-svg/ HTML Design Principles. (2007). W3.org. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.w3.org/TR/html-design-principles/#conformance IndexedDB API. (2016). Mozilla Developer Network. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/IndexedDB_API Lord, C. Files master Chris Lord / Animator Js. GitLab. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://gitlab.com/Cwiiis/animator-js/tree/master Introduction to game development for the Web. (2015). Mozilla Developer Network. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Games/Introduction Needleman, S. (2016). Mobile-Game Revenue to Surpass Console and PC, Study Says. WSJ. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.wsj.com/articles/mobile-game-revenue-to-surpass-console-and-pc-study-says-1461265949 Peter, I. (2004). History of the world wide web. Nethistory.info. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.nethistory.info/History%20of%20the%20Internet/web.html Rousset, D. The Complete Guide to Building HTML5 games with Canvas SVG. Htmlgoodies.com. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.htmlgoodies.com/html5/client/the-complete-guide-to-building-html5-games-with-canvas-svg.html#fbid=UrnTyicA88C Sarris, S. (2013). Important Concepts for HTML5 | The Goals of HTML5 | InformIT. Informit.com. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2090300 the definition of video game. Dictionary.com. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://www.dictionary.com/browse/video-game WebSockets. (2017). Mozilla Developer Network. Retrieved 28 January 2017, from https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebSockets_API

Yeats Use of Symbolism in Leda and the Swan and the Second Coming Essay Example

Yeats Use of Symbolism in Leda and the Swan and the Second Coming Essay Yeats, a somewhat eclectic poet, explores, throughout his work, a wide range of themes and ideas. He reflects on his nation’s politics, Irish mysticism, the afterlife, love, and his own past. While each set of his poems share many recurring images, however, it is Yeats’ examination and opinions of the gyres of time and history that crop up in all forms of his poetry. While references to this great spiraling metaphor for the fabric of the universe can be found in some of Yeats’ most famous works, such as ‘Sailing to Byzantium’, ‘Long-legged Fly’ and ‘Easter 1916’, to name just a few, it is an aspect of his poetry which is relevant to almost all of his writing. However, it is in Yeats’ apocalyptic poems, ‘Leda and the Swan’ and ‘The Second Coming’ that this metaphor for the history of time is most explored. The poems relate the tales of two points in time that Yeats feels to be important turning points in history, epicenters of calamity and destruction, as the stability of civilization in torn apart and humanity enters a new era of was and horror. The first of the poems, ‘The Second Coming’, was written in 1920 and the very title indicates to the reader something of sinister nature, and links in very much with the final chapter of the Bible, Revelations, which acts as a foresight of judgment day. We will write a custom essay sample on Yeats Use of Symbolism in Leda and the Swan and the Second Coming specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Yeats Use of Symbolism in Leda and the Swan and the Second Coming specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Yeats Use of Symbolism in Leda and the Swan and the Second Coming specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is also possible that the tragedies of World War One, which had only ended two years prior to the printing of the poem, also influenced Yeats’ lack of optimism about a long future peace. From line one, Yeats talks of a â€Å"widening gyre†, â€Å"turning and turning† as history, past, present, and future, revolves slowly. The great gyres referred to by Yeats are used to represent his view that a single miniscule point in history can spiral outward exponentially to cause great long term catastrophe. Yeats also notions toward his beliefs in the link between mysticism and astrology as the â€Å"turning and turning† represents the spinning planets, along with the 23 phases of the moon, each of which, Yeats believed, corresponded to an epoch in time. Another metaphor s then employed as we are told of how â€Å"the falcon cannot hear the falconer†. Here, Yeats uses the image of the falconer to represent some kind of order and structure, possible God, or possibly simply the rational part of man. However, the stability which this entity should be commanding , the falcon, is no longer at ne with him. It has spiraled outward again and again to achieve such great hights that that it had in fact lost touch with its master. This catastrophe this build up had lead to is then unleashed as â€Å"Things fall apart† and â€Å"the center cannot hold†. This collapse then triggers one devastating conclusion: â€Å"Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world†. Yeats uses oxymoronic juxtaposition to startle and almos confuse the reader. By talking of â€Å"mere anarchy†, Yeats throws so much that is settled in the readers mind to the wall/ The two words bring with them images of utterly destroyed buildings, cities, live and civilizations as an end comes to humanity. Yeats then talks of a â€Å"blood-dimmed tide† also being â€Å"loosed†, and this repetition of the word â€Å"loosed† establishes a feeling that this havoc is no new creation, but something which had been locked away in the vaults of time and will now once again bring death of the earth. Stanza two begins with proclamations warning of a coming doom: â€Å"Surely some revelation is at hand; Surely the Second Coming is at hand. The Second Coming! † This somewhat maddened calling of the apocalypse is haunting to say the least. The repetition of â€Å"surely†¦at hand† brings with it a feeling that Yeats is not just assuming this horrific future is possible, but also that he knows, for sure, that it is on its way. The call is also one of fear in itself. He knows it’s coming, but he cannot accept it. As word of the second coming is utters, Yeats talks of how â€Å"Hardly those words are out/When a vast image out of Spiritus Mundi/Troubles my sight†. Yeats, falling into some kind of trance, begins to describe the scene as an awesome sight grows before him. He talks of â€Å"A shape with a lion body and the head of a man/A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun†. The creature described is, of course, the form of the ancient Egyptian sphinx. This metaphor is far stronger than the one of the falcon, as the great beast begins â€Å"moving it’s slow thighs†. The creature represents an antichrist, a further image of this destruction of man. The blank and pitiless gaze it gives emphasizes its lack of human emotion, and the brutal nature of its task. The, all of a sudden, â€Å"darkness drops†, and the vision is over. Reflecting on what he saw, Yeats talks of the â€Å"nightmare† to come, and that for the â€Å"rough beast, its hour come round at last†. Overall, the poem sets out clearly what Yeats truly believes as the future for mankind. The structure is also worthy of note. Usually, Yeats stuck strongly to established rhyme schemes and stanza structures, however, in this poem he choses not to. While stanza one 8 lines, the second is 14, and this emphasizes to some extent the lack of clarity in Yeats’ vision, as his description what he saw flows out of him almost uncontrollably. Also, the lack of rhyme scheme indicates once more the havoc and ruggedness of events to come, although word repetition does connote a feeling of the slowly turning gyre, turning round and round endlessly. The second of the two poems, ‘Leda and the Swan’, takes us back to the first era of destruction, cruelty and war, before the epoch of Christianity. It tells the mythical tale of Leda being raped by the Greek god Zeus, in the form of a swan, an action that supposedly lead to the birth of Helen of Troy. Later, Helen’s kidnap triggered the Trojan Wars, an era of fighting, death and misery that apparently spanned from, Yeats believed, around 2000 BC until the arrival of Christianity. Yeats therefore uses this to reinforce his belief that the epochs of time fluctuate between one of peace and one of destruction. Leda and the Swan’, however, unlike ‘The Second Coming’, does not focus so much on the occurrences of the period which it the rape caused, but on the rape itself. Yeats begins describing an image of power: â€Å"A sudden blow: the great wings beating still†. The abruptness of the beginning, the â€Å"sudden blow†, brings to us a n image of the swift swan, with Leda helpless to resist. Its â€Å"great wings† are an image of both beauty and power, and this is emphasized further as we are told of the â€Å"staggering girl† the swan is overpowering. Her innocent nature is exposed as she tries to flee the scene, but Zeus is too powerful. Yeats describes the rape further, with deepening detail, as â€Å"her thighs caressed/By the dark webs, her nape caught in his bill/he holds her helpless breast upon his breast†. This vivid commentary explains to the reader the violence Zeus inflicts while taking advantage of Leda. He â€Å"helpless† breast is crushed, as Zeus metaphorically crushed the coming future of mankind. In stanza two the reader is faced with two rhetorical questions. Firstly, we are asked, â€Å"How can those terrified vague fingers push/The feathered glory from her loosening thighs? The question poses the though, that neither physically, nor mentally, could Leda reject Zeus. His power, his ‘glory’ and his status all ensure this, and her â€Å"loosening thighs† confirm an end to her protest as she accepts Zeus inside her. This acceptance and embracement of Zeus suggests that, just like when the second coming arrives, we must accept the power of fate, as protest will bring n o benefits. A second question then follows up the first, â€Å"how can body, laid in that white rush/ But feel the strange heart beating where it lies? † Here, Yeats ponders if anybody really could bring themselves to escape the situation. He challenges any idea that Leda could help herself from being raped, as she could do nothing to oppose the rape. The final stanza then moves back to the vivid description, as â€Å"a shudder in the loins† brings a point of orgasm. This climax to the entire poem, is both representative of the orgasm itself, the point when Leda first becomes impregnated with Helen, and also foreshadows the horrific era in history which follows the birth. We are told of hoe this moment of ecstasy â€Å"engenders there/ The broken wall, the burning roof and tower†, and the idea of how changing of future this single moment would be it is made more clear. At that very instant, the seed of a new gyre is also planted, one that will expand outward until it bring incomprehensible damage to mankind. Also, the phallic symbol of the â€Å"tower† enforces once again the idea of Zeus’ great stature as a being of immense power. We are told also of how the rape also results in Agamemnon, a leader in the Trojan wars, a son of a King, dying. His death occurred whilst Helen was kidnapped, and therefore Yeats links it with the event of the rape. Yeats then continues the same stanza on the next line, and indented. This interruption signifies, also, how the rape causes a rift in the stability of man. If forces an almost new beginning, but not a completely refreshed one, as the Stanza and topic remain the same. This idea is also emphasized by the fact that the final stanza, the pinnacle of the rape, is two lines longer than the others, and features a rhyme scheme of ABCABC, rather than the simple ABAB of the previous two. These things also interrupt the flow of the poem, and the flow of the future life of man. The final lines leave a poignant message. â€Å"Being so caught up/So mastered by the brute blood of the air/Did she put on his knowledge with his power/Before the indifferent beak could let her drop? † Firstly, Zeus’ great manliness is reinforced, but it is the Yeats’ use of the rhetorical question that is once again magnificently effective. It asks whether Leda, in accepting the rape, knew of its consequences, or was she told of them by Zeus. This is a stark statement as obviously it had only previously suggested that Zeus had known what he was doing, and Leda been fully innocent. Also, the comment about Zeus’ indifference finally sums up the attitude of how, despite his knowledge of all that was to follow, he cared not for the people’s sufferings that were to come about as a result of his own actions. Overall, the two poems give a deep insight into how Yeats’ viewed the world, viewed history, and viewed the future. His fascination with the Gyre system is portrayed deeply in the second coming, and his calls of the apocalypse are almost akin to that of a raving madman. However, it is more than a flow of random words, his effective repetition of particular words and points, along with a deeply descriptive metaphor of times to come, give the poem a multitude of levels into which we can read. The horrors, although described in no more than two short stanzas, are brought so vividly to the mind of the reader that they cannot help but feel fear for mankind’s future. Leda and Swan acts almost as proof of how events can trigger these epochs of utter destruction, as the deep insight into how a violent act can begin a long period of war and suffering, and Yeats’ no doubt feels that either World War One, or some violent act to come, which was obviously well on its was due to political turmoil in Europe, could spark off a long term period of war.

Greek Eros and Philia Love Magic

Greek Eros and Philia Love Magic Classical scholar Christopher Faraone writes about love among the ancient Greeks. He looks at evidence from erotic charms, spells. and potions to form a mixed picture of what relations between the sexes were really like. In this article, we use Farones information to explain the common uses of love magic between ancient Greek men and women. But first, a small digression to introduce terms used for love: Brotherly Love; Gods Love; Romantic love; Parents Love The following online discussion argues that the reason English speakers are confused about love is that we dont have enough words for it. Writer A:I recently read: Sanskrit has ninety-six words for love; ancient Persian has eighty; Greek three; and English only one.The author thought it was symbolic of the devaluation of the feeling function in the West. Writer B:Interesting, but I think English speakers do know the 96 forms of love - they just jam it into one word! The Greek words were eros, agape, and philia, right? See, we all use those definitions, but in the same word. Eros is a romantic, sexual hormone-raging love. Agape is a deep, connecting, brotherly love. Philia is a...hmm...I think necrophilia and pedophilia explain it.That is why we are all confused over what love is, since we have dozens of definitions for it! Agape and Philia vs. Eros We native speakers of English distinguish between lust and love but tend to get confused when we look at the Greek distinction between: eros andagape orphilia Affection as Love While it is easy to understand agape as the love one feels towards friends, family, and animals, we think of the mutual affection we feel towards our mates as different. Affection and Passion The agape (or philia) of the Greeks included affection, and also the sexual passion felt towards our mates, according to the University of Chicagos Christopher A. Faraone. Eros, however, was new, disorienting passion, conceived of as an attack of unwelcome lust, aptly represented as inflicted by the arrow-wielding god of love. Black and White Love Magic When we talk about black magic, we mean spells or voodoo practices designed to hurt someone else; by white, we mean spells or charms whose aim is to heal or help, often connected with medicinal herbs and other holistic or non-traditional healing practices. From our perspective, the ancient Greeks used black and white magic to arm themselves in the arena of love. Black magic: There were magical effigies much like those used today by practitioners of voodoo. The practitioner of this aggressive magic would cast an incantation and poke or burn the effigy in an effort to affect the person represented. The intention was to make the woman represented suffer the pangs of lust to the point that she would leave her family. The practitioner might invoke Eros, Pan, Hekate, or Aphrodite.White magic: Practitioners applied herbs to make an errant lover return or to restore harmony to a dysfunctional relationship. She might invoke Selene, Helios, or Aphrodite. Both types of love magic usually involved spells or incantations, but the type were referring to as black is more closely related to curse tablets than the other, more benign, love magic. The difference between these two types of magic is based on the difference between the two types of love, eros and philia. Gender-Based Love Magics Faraone distinguishes these two types of love, eros and philia, and their related magics as overwhelmingly gender-based. Men used the eros-based agoge spells [agolead] designed to lead women to them; women, the philia spells. Men used the spells to make women burn with passion. Women used the spells as aphrodisiacs. Men tied up their effigies and tortured them. They used incantations, tortured animals, burning, and apples. Women spread ointments on the clothing of their mates or sprinkled herbs in food. They also used incantations, knotted cords, and love potions. Theocritus Iunx The gender division isnt absolute. The iunx is said to have been a small, sexually rapacious bird which Greek men would tie on a wheel and then torture, in the hopes of filling the objects of their lust with burning, irresistible passion. In Theocritus second Idyll, its not a man, but a woman who uses an iunx as a magical object for an agoge spell. She repeatedly chants: Iunx, bring my man home. Mythology and Modern Love Magic in Pill Form While the agoge spells, the ones men usually used on women, resemble voodoo and seem like what we call black magic, the philia spells could also be deadly. As is the nature of many herbs, you only need a little. When the mythological Deianeira used the centaurs ointment on Hercules garment, it was as a philia spell, to keep Heracles from abandoning her for his new love, Iole (cf Women of Trachis). Although we do not know, perhaps a drop would not have killed him; however, the amount Deianeira used proved fatal. The ancient Greeks did not distinguish magic from medicine, as we claim to do. The need for erotic (whether agoge or philia) magic has long extended into domestic life where the wife of an impotent man (or the man himself) might invoke a bit of philia magic. Viagras popularity attests to the fact that we still practice magic miracle cures. Source Faraone, Christopher A., Ancient Greek Love Magic. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999.

Battle of Fort Henry in the Civil War

Battle of Fort Henry in the Civil War The Battle of Fort Henry took place February 6, 1862, during the American Civil War (1861-1865) and was one of the first actions of  Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grants campaign in Tennessee. With the start of the Civil War, Kentucky declared neutrality and stated it would align against the first side to violate its territory. This occurred on September 3, 1861, when Confederate Major General Leonidas Polk directed troops under Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow to occupy Columbus, KY on the Mississippi River. Responding to the Confederate incursion, Grant took the initiative and dispatched Union troops to secure Paducah, KY at the mouth of the Tennessee River two days later.   A Wide Front As events were unfolding in Kentucky, General Albert Sidney Johnston received orders on September 10 to assume command of all Confederate forces in the west. This required him to defend a line extending from the Appalachian Mountains west to the frontier. Lacking sufficient troops to hold the entirety of this distance, Johnston was compelled to disperse his men into smaller armies and attempt to defend those areas through which Union troops were likely to advance. This cordon defense saw him order Brigadier General Felix Zollicoffer to hold the area around the Cumberland Gap in the east with 4,000 men while in the west, Major General Sterling Price defended Missouri with 10,000 men. The center of the line was held by Polks large command which, due to Kentuckys neutrality earlier in the year, was based closer to the Mississippi. To the north, an additional 4,000 men led by Brigadier General Simon B. Buckner held Bowling Green, KY. To further protect central Tennessee, construction of two forts had commenced earlier in 1861. These were Forts Henry and Donelson which guarded the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers respectively. The locations for the forts were determined by Brigadier General Daniel S. Donelson and while the placement for the fort bearing his name was sound, his choice for Fort Henry left much to be desired. Construction of Fort Henry An area of low, swampy ground, the location of Fort Henry provided a clear field of fire for two miles down the river but was dominated by hills on the far shore. Though many officers opposed the location, construction on the five-sided fort began with slaves and the 10th Tennessee Infantry providing the labor. By July 1861, guns were being mounted in the forts walls with eleven covering the river and six protecting the landward approaches. Named  for Tennessee Senator Gustavus Adolphus Henry Sr., Johnston had desired to give command of the forts to Brigadier General Alexander P. Stewart but was overruled by Confederate President Jefferson Davis who instead selected Maryland native Brigadier General Lloyd Tilghman in December.  Assuming his post, Tilghman saw Fort Henry reinforced with a smaller fortification, Fort Heiman, which was constructed on the opposite bank. In addition, efforts were made to place torpedoes (naval mines) in the shipping channel near the fort. Armies Commanders Union Brigadier General Ulysses S. GrantFlag Officer Andrew Foote15,000 men7 ships Confederate Brigadier General Lloyd Tilghman3,000-3,400 Grant and Foote Move As the Confederates worked to complete the forts, Union commanders in the west were under pressure from President Abraham Lincoln to take offensive action. While Brigadier General George H. Thomas defeated Zollicoffer at the Battle of Mills Springs in January 1862, Grant was able to secure permission for a thrust up the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers. Advancing with around 15,000 men in two divisions led Brigadier Generals John McClernand and Charles F. Smith, Grant was supported by Flag Officer Andrew Footes Western Flotilla of four ironclads and three timberclads (wooden warships). A Swift Victory Pressing up the river, Grant and Foote elected to strike at Fort Henry first. Arriving in the vicinity on February 4, Union forces began going ashore with McClernands division landing north of Fort Henry while Smiths men landed on the western shore to neutralize Fort Heiman. As Grant moved forward, Tilghmans position had become tenuous due to the forts poor location. When the river was at normal levels, the forts walls stood around twenty feet high, but heavy rains had led water levels to rise dramatically flooding the fort. As a result, only nine of the forts seventeen guns were usable. Realizing that the fort could not be held, Tilghman ordered Colonel Adolphus Heiman to lead the bulk of the garrison to the east to Fort Donelson and abandoned Fort Heiman. By February 5, only a party of gunners and Tilghman remained. Approaching Fort Henry the next day, Footes gunboats advanced with the ironclads in the lead. Opening fire, they exchanged shots with the Confederates for around seventy-five minutes. In the fighting, only USS Essex suffered meaningful damage when a shot hit its boiler as the low trajectory of the Confederate fire played into the strength of the Union gunboats armor. Aftermath With the Union gunboats closing and his fire largely ineffective, Tilghman decided to surrender the fort. Due to the flooded nature of the fort, a boat from the fleet was able to row directly into the fort to take Tilghman to USS Cincinnati. A boost to Union morale, the capture of Fort Henry saw Grant capture 94 men. Confederate losses in the fighting numbered around 15 killed and 20 wounded. Union casualties totaled around 40, with the majority aboard USS Essex. The capture of the fort opened the Tennessee River to Union warships. Quickly taking advantage, Foote dispatched his three timberclads to raid upstream. Gathering his forces, Grant began moving his army the twelve miles to Fort Donelson on February 12. Over the next several days, Grant won the Battle of Fort Donelson and capturing over 12,000 Confederates. The twin defeats at Forts Henry and Donelson knocked a gaping hole in Johnstons defensive line and opened Tennessee to Union invasion. Large-scale fighting would resume in April when Johnston attacked Grant at the Battle of Shiloh.

Argyle Diamonds Strategic Business Plan Case Study

Argyle Diamonds Strategic Business Plan - Case Study Example Companies should have successful competitive strategies to be able to attract, retain and grow customers. However, before the company can plan and execute these strategies, it should be able to pinpoint its sources of competitive advantage which can be differentiated through products, services, channels, people and to age (Kotler & Armstrong, 2001). Since the market is in the international orientation, the advertisers should keep in mind the differences that are distinct between and among the target market from different cultural backgrounds which may significantly affect the effectivity of the campaign. The fact is, there may be ideas that will not be applicable across the diverse target market population. Studies on the relationship of consumer behavior and their personal values and cultural orientation as well as their beliefs on certain principles, the dispositions they hold and the side they take on political, gender and social problems and issues should be duly accorded. Moreover, other elements, such as understanding the right target audience for a product or service, an indeed, researching such an audience in considerable depth, are equally important. Similarly, even if the appropriate channels are known and understood, the content of the messaging and communications developed for those channels, and that audience, or nature of critical importance. Such channels, for example, will include TV advertising, or an outdoor campaign. Advocates of such channels will argue with justification, that media can now be bought to give a highly articulate degree of one to one targeting, but more importantly the inclusion within messaging across these channels of a telephone number, email address, or website, fulfill our requirement to develop one to one dialogue (Elgar, 2003).

Statement of purpose 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Statement of purpose 3 - Essay Example However, these challenges are not to deter me from continuing with the quest I have vowed to purposefully accomplish in my chosen career which is to teach a foreign language, specifically English to my fellow-Kuwaiti people to advance their own dreams. Teaching has always been a part of me coming from a family of teachers with my father being a Mathematics teacher in intermediate school and my mother, a Kindergarten teacher. Looking up to my parents’ examples, I value the affects one could make in teaching like one anonymous writer said, ‘A good teacher is like a candle- it consumes itself to light the way for others’. My parents and other teachers helped in the molding of my young mind into the person that I am now, a passionate mind voracious to knowledge, ready to be consumed for the process of teaching to continue in my own small way. Teachers allowed themselves to be consumed and were able to bear fruit, building lives that are stable and goal-focused. These, I have seen in my parents, teachers and my personal making as my professors mentioned in their recommendation letters on my behalf describing me as hard-working and a team-player. In addition, they look at me as a student of high moral principles who also displayed a good level of oral and written English communication skills. ... This is the very reason why I like to enroll in the Masters degree in the United Kingdom so I would be exposed to native speakers as well as teachers who have been well-trained to train foreign educators like me. Looking at the programs offered by the University of Brighton, I am drawn to enroll in this prestigious school as it perfectly fits the needs I have right now. I like the idea of being educated in the issues related to English language teaching, exploring in-depth aspects of English and the theory and practice of language teaching in relation to the international context which the school program offers. Its analytical and investigative skills development program also poses a great challenge and excitement to me because I am well aware that research is one difficult task nevertheless, it also is a very educational endeavor that I believe would enhance my analytical abilities. The course structure caught my attention and interest because I know that with the program, my skills would be all the more sharpened as I read quality materials with the guidance of efficient professors as well as with the help of diverse students whom I could learn from. Studying in such a respected university with tried and tested programs would be to me an honor and a privilege because I know that the University of Brighton would not only be recognized because of its location but more so with the quality of education she offers. Being a current employee of the Ministry of Education in Kuwait as an English teacher in intermediate school who just started by the last quarter of last year, I have seen my need for a higher education which I would like to take in the United Kingdom for reasons earlier mentioned. I

Review Literary Terms, Eng 125 Essay Example for Free

Review Literary Terms, Eng 125 Essay Imagination is the power to create. It is the key component to literature. Without imagination, there wont be an interesting story, I believe. Imagination is not only important to the writer, it helps the reader broaden their interpretation of the story. When you allow reading to unlock your imagination, your connection sets the stage for intellectual engagement. It allows the experience of reading literature to include the pursuit of ideas and knowledge. (Clugston, R. W 2010). With imagination comes genre. Choosing what category or type of literature. It can be a short story, poem, or drama. It can be used to make broad distinctions or to identify specific categories within a broad category. The short story and the novel, for example, are specific literary genres within the broad category of fiction. (Clugston, R. W. 2010). I think another very important component to literature is the tone. Setting the tone will let the reader know what attitude the literary work is going. For example, the final lines in Updikes poem create an initial feeling of sympathy, which is likely to become empathy if the reader reflects on the dogs predicament in not being able to communicate its final struggle. (Clugston, R. W 2010). Tone is followed by image. Image represents the experience that go through your senses, the idea. Writers use specific language to describe the imagery. Again, in Frosts and Updikes poems about the dog, In Frosts image of an old dog theres an initial feeling of sadness, but if the reader reflects on what the poem has to say about the inevitable life cycle that both the dog and the speaker face, sadness is likely to fade somewhat into acceptance. Reference Clugston, R. W. (2010). Journey into literature. San Diego, California: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

Censorship: Helpful Or Hindering? Essay example -- essays research pap

What exactly is censorship? Some feel censorship is a violation of their rights. Others say censorship is a must in the violent, abusive world we call â€Å"society.† Who has the right to censor? Who doesn’t? What needs to be censored, and what doesn’t? The fact of the matter is that there are many pros and cons in the music and entertainment industry about censorship. Personally, I believe that the consumers and viewers should be charged with the ultimate responsibility of censorship. One major area in which there is much argument on censorship is that of television. Since its invention earlier this century, television has become the most popular format for entertainment. We can be entertained, informed, and inspired by programs on television. But nowadays, television stations are becoming less restrictive about the content in their programs. More violence, profanity, and nudity than ever before now graces our television screens every night. Clearly, there are things that children should not be seeing on television. Therefor, the new v-chip legislation in process requires all television manufacturers to install an electronic device that allows parents to set the tolerance levels for violence, profanity and nudity. However, are children’s viewing habits the responsibility of the government or the parents? A good point can be made that there is far too much violence on television today, and that an invention such as a v-chip would help immensely. But what about such violent dra...

Leading By Example

How we relate to others is as varying as the stars In our solar system. For some, political leaders like Bark Obama and Sarah Plain display specific attributes on a dally basis. These characteristics are recognized globally as pillars of change and structure in today's American society. Although not every decision these persons in power choose is supported by â€Å"the people†, it is easy to question where their particular morals come from. Reflecting on my own personal exposure to literature such as â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† by Harper Lee, I imagine examples such as TacticsFinch stood as a concrete Image for current world leaders to model their behaviors after. Like Tactics, today's leaders face challenges maintaining personal Integrity, human decency toward others, courage, and respect both by and for one another. Those who have read the book may easily agree to the belief that Tactics truly was a great leader by utilizing these concepts in his daily life. His abil ity to connect to others on even the most challenging of levels shows the true courage needed to lead a community which is not truly united.It was during the cultural mixing of the sass's hat Lee's â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† shows the first acknowledgement of change for the country leadership. Although the character of Tactics exists wealth the pages of Lee's creation, leaders like Tactics stand out as influential members of society, both in personal and civic relationships. While discussing the famous trial case of Tom Robinson Tactics explains to his daughter Scout the importance of valuing others' opinions when they don't align with your own.He says, â€Å"They're certainly entitled to think that, and they're entitled to full respect of their opinions. But before I can live tit other folks Eve got to live with myself. The one thing that doesn't abide by majority rule Is a person's conscience. † In attempts to also bring peace to an escalated situation President Ob ama shared words encouraging mutual respect. William Scott Harrow details the address given by Bark Obama focusing on Iran's policy on mutual respect matters. â€Å"To denounce or shrug Off call for cooperation is an easy but also a cowardly thing to do.That's how wars begin. That's where human progress ends†¦ A sustained effort†¦ We need to find common ground, to focus on the true we seek for our children, and to respect the dignity of all human beings. † As I listen to friends share memories of ‘To Kill a Mockingbird†, a common word has been repeated by each of them, courage. Their eyes lit up with appreciation, thinking about the numerous times where Tactics demonstrated courage. Whether he was essentially forced to shoot a senile pet or fending off a crowd of angry townsmen he maintained a state of focus.It was during these times Tactics shared with his son the importance of taking a stand and having courage to lead others, even when they don't all a gree with you. He says totes, â€Å"A mob's always made up of people, no matter what. Mr.. Cunningham was part of a mob last night, but he was still a man. † Instead of being angry with the dangerous group Tactics embraced compassion and faith, not fear. Keeping in mind that our economy harbors countless ideals of morality and human decency, I am reminded off quote Sarah Plain expressed during an Interview. â€Å"Faith that every baby Is created for a good purpose†¦ Plain was agree with the belief that all existing humanity deserves an enriched life, but the agree to how this point of view is mandated oftentimes sits uneasy with the majority of communities. Nonetheless Plain leads other groups in harmony, sharing one direction. Tactics Finch, during his time, was not among the many. His view of public decency was held higher than the general person. This did not allow him, however, to lessen his sense of retribution. He so greatly believed the actions taken for one man resulted in the good for humanity. This is why so many did have respect for him.Without negating the position of others Tactics respectfully managed a mom absent of a mother for his two children. Surrounded by women with means to raise Gem and Scout, Finch chose to take an active role as a mentor and father. This compassion earned the greatest respect of all, from Scout. And as any true leader does, succession brings action. â€Å"So I took an eight-year old child to bring ‘me to their senses, didn't it? That proves something-that a gang of wild animals can be stopped, simply because they're still human. Humph, maybe we need a police force of children†¦ Oh children last night made Walter Cunningham stand in my shoes for a minute. That was enough. † Acknowledging growth fosters the greatest forms of leadership. This story shows true life examples of how today we have the opportunity to create value from pain and injustice. Scout's connection to reality through her r elationships help demonstrate the effectiveness of Finch's role as a leader. Harper Lee described Scout's experience through the sight of a child, although speaking with an educated dialect. The example led by Tactics Finch trickled down on a daily basis.

Favorite Food Essay

â€Å"so exactly where are we going again?† I asked my dad while pulling out of our driveway. â€Å"Just wait I know you’ll love this restaurant,† he announced. He was taking me to Espinoza’s, an authentic Mexican restaurant. There was a large window right beside the door when you pull in, with a big, orange, neon sign with the words ESPINOZA’S written in capital letters. My dad opened the door and I led him in. Right when we walked, there was a young girl, about five feet and 3 inches tall, who asked us in an accent if it was just the two of us today. Behind her about eight meters away, was a bar like counter that was higher than normal, for when the chef prepared your meal, he could place it there to be brought to the table. We sat down at our table right beside the big window with the neon sign, a table for four. Two glasses of water were brought to us, by Maria, our waitress, who all the while made suggestions on their selection of other drinks. There was a glass fridge, like the ones at gas stations, directly behind where dad was sitting, and it contained all kinds of carbonated drinks. All the sodas were in glass bottles with classic looking labels, that had Pepsi, Coke, and some other ones with Spanish words on them. Right beside the fridge were two slushy machines. One slushy machine had a red drink called Aqua De Jamaica, and the other one a creamy white one, Horchata. Tamarind and infusions of hibiscus flowers are what give Jamaica its red color. My dad ordered Horchata, which is made from a combination of long grain rice, milk, and sugar. We both sipped on our ice cold drinks, while placing our orders to Maria. As we waited for our food to arrive, I headed towards a jukebox on the opposite side of where we were seated. I flipped through all the tracks of songs and in the end just chose one based on the the picture on the cover of the album. Just as I was heading back to my seat, I saw Maria with a circular tray the size of a tire filled with food. I scurried over to beat her to our table because I wanted to see why dad was so enthusiastic about bringing me to Espinoza’s. What happened next, I will never forget. The smell the awoke every last bit of my senses. An oval plate was placed in front of me, as if I were some royal being. Laid out in perfect layers were nacho chips that looked like a bloomed rose’s petals. On top of the petal-like chips were marinated chicken strips, grilled so you could see the marks on them, showing all of the effort that was put into its cooking. The chicken was seasoned with a blend of zesty Mexican spices. Hints of lemon, paprika, crushed peppers, and onion powder gave tastes of sourness to sweetness with every bite. Sauteed onions, sweet bell peppers, and tomatoes are what completed the next layer. Melted white cheese smothered the beans that were evenly distributed upon every nacho chip that existed on my dish. I took the first bite. Related by more than just the blood in our veins, my father and I are best friends. He has always known me more than I’ve known myself. He brought me to Espinoza’s because we both share a love for Mexican dishes. The flavors of the spices remind us of the connection and joy we have in our friendship. He even called me last night to remind me about the soccer game that would be on in ten minutes between Barcelona and Real Madrid. They tied one to one.

Essay about Time and Poem

Essay about Time and Poem Essay about Time and Poem Immigrants at Central Station, 1951 The understandings and range of immigrants and their experiences highlights a range of issues they encounter such as rights, freedoms, beliefs, power, etc. All this issues a emphasized and focused in Peter Skrynecki’s poem â€Å"Immigrants at Central Station, 1951†. The experiences faced by Peter and his family is highlighted in this poem and this helps us to understand the immigrants experiences towards the new world of which displays the integrity, emotion and suffering towards the new world and we as the readers are engaged into these aspects of life through trains, time, control and journeys. The experiences that is faced by Peter Skrynecki and other immigrants are conveyed in this poem through use of literature technique. One of his main techniques he uses in this poem is writing the poem in first person. Through this, he displays to his readers that it’s him that has experienced this painful and sorrowful journey and the things that have resulted from the journey which makes the experience more real. The second technique that was present in his poem was imagery and onomatopoeia. ‘‘It was sad to hear The train's whistle this morning’’ The imagery used in this poem reflects the train and represent the physical aspect towards the new world. The poem starts off with â€Å"It was sad to hear, the train’s whistle this morning† using onomatopoeia, to give the train a human or living like characteristic with the use of ‘whistle’ but also using the tone of the poem towards a negative tone using the word â€Å"sad†. The other example that is used in this poem is simile and allusion could be when he describes him and his family as being: â€Å"Space hemmed us against each other like cattle bought for slaughter† This is when everyone is waiting to catch the train that will take them to a unknown destination and could hold there future. He tries to make the normal events he experienced as dramatic sounding as possible to show people how uncomfortable the journey made him feel, which is another way of communicating what he meant when writing this poem. This line also conveys the fear of immigrants relating to there unknown future to this new land. The allusion in this line is reflected on WWII and the Holocaust during that period. The stanza continues to portray a sense of loss, sadness and hardship through the use of imagery as they await the train with the line: â€Å"All night it had rained† ... â€Å"But we ate it all, the silence, the cold and the benevolence of empty streets† This symbolize that the surrounding around them is filled with fear, sadness and a sense of dislocation. This set the emotion of the poem and the

Biography of Serial Killer Westley Allen Dodd

Biography of Serial Killer Westley Allen Dodd In 1989, Westley Allen Dodd sexually assaulted and killed three boys ages 11, 10 and four. His methods were so heinous, that forensic psychologists dubbed him one of the evilest killers in history. Westley Dodds Childhood Years Westley Allan Dodd was born in Washington State on July 3, 1961. Dodd grew up in what has been described as a loveless home and was often neglected by his parents in favor of his two younger brothers. At age 13, Dodds began exposing himself to children passing by his house. Realizing the dangers of getting caught, he started bicycling around the streets looking for opportunities to expose himself. His parents, distracted by their own problems of getting divorced, were aware of Dodds strange sexual behavior but avoided confronting the boy about it or getting him help. Even less attention was given to Westley after his parents divorced. His desires expanded from exhibitionism to physical contact. He first molested those closest to him. His younger cousins, ages six and eight and the child of a woman his father was dating, became regular victims of his growing perversions. Entrusted Caretaker of Children Dodd grew up to be a good-looking, fairly intelligent and personable teenager. These qualities helped him in finding part-time jobs where he was entrusted with the care of children. He would often babysit for his neighbors, seizing the private time to molest the children he was caring for as they slept. He worked as a camp counselor during the summer months, taking advantage of childrens trust and admiration for him. Dodd spent most of his teen years devising new and better ways to abuse children, putting any child that came near him at potential risk of being abused. He learned how to combine the adult persona with a sense of conspiratorial camaraderie to completely control his young, innocent victims. He could cajole them into playing doctor or dare them to go skinny-dipping with him. He took advantage of their natural curiosity and often normalized what he did by offering it as a grown-up treat. But Dodd could not master not being caught. On the contrary, he got caught a lot molesting kids, starting with his first arrest at 15 for exposing himself. Tragically nothing much was ever done, but to remand him to professional counseling. Refining His Techniques The older he got the more desperate he became to find victims. He discovered he could use more force and less cajoling and began approaching children in parks, demanding that they follow him into a secluded area or that they remove their clothing. In 1981, after a failed attempt to capture two little girls was reported to the police, Dodds joined the Navy. That did not stop his pedophiliac desires which were growing into sadistic fantasies. While stationed in Washington he began hunting children who lived on the base, prowling the nearby movie theater restrooms and arcades in his spare time. A Failed System After the Navy, he got a job at a paper mill. His debased proclivities never ceased to occupy most of his thoughts and purpose. Once he offered a group of boys $50 to accompany him to a nearby motel to play strip poker. He was arrested, but the charges were dropped even though he admitted his intentions to molest them to the authorities. Not much later he was arrested again for attempted molestation and served 19 days in jail and was again ordered to seek counseling. This wouldnt be the last time Dodd was caught. In fact, it could almost appear as if he wanted to be caught after being arrested several other times for assaulting the children of friends and neighbors. But as usual, Dodds penalties rarely added up to any real jail time because many parents were reluctant to put their traumatized child through the court system. In the meantime, Dodds fantasies were escalating and he began to carefully plan his attacks. He kept a diary, filling its pages with his morbid fantasies of what he would like to do to his future victims. Diary Excerpts Incident 3 will die maybe this way: Hell be tied down as Lee was in Incident 2. Instead of placing a bag over his head as had previously planned, Ill tape his mouth shut with duct tape. Then, when ready, Ill use a clothespin or something to plug his nose. That way I can sit back, take pictures and watch him die instead of concentrating on my hands or the rope tight around his neck that would also eliminate the rope burns on the neck . . . I can clearly see his face and eyes now... He suspects nothing now. Will probably wait until morning to kill him. That way his body will be fairly fresh for experiments after work. Ill suffocate him in his sleep when I wake up for work (if I sleep). The Crimes Possibly the fact that he had now molested about 30 children with impunity helped Westley go a step further towards violence. His yearnings became increasingly difficult to control, and his fantasies darker. He went from sketching torture racks to actually building one. He stopped cajoling and persuading and began ordering. He began to tie up his victims. He became consumed with thoughts of torture, mutilation, and cannibalism. The Desire to Kill In 1987, at age 26, he could no longer ignore his desires to kill his victims. He made up his mind to do it. His first attempt failed when the eight-year-old boy Dodds lured into the woods managed to escape back to where his mother sat. He told his mother to call the police and Dodd was apprehended. Dodd received yet another slap on the wrist, in spite of the fact that prosecutors stressed his history of sex crimes. He served 118 days in jail and one-year probation. His fantasies sunk to new depths, and he began to depersonalize his targets, thinking of them as it, rather than he or she. He wrote in his diary, if I can just get it home.... On Labor Day weekend at David Douglas Park, he hid beside a trail. His plans were frustrated by hikers, watchful parents and by the whimsy of the children themselves, who would come tantalizingly close, only to dart down a side path or skip back the other way from where he hid. Dodd gave up, but the pressure to indulge his perverse and twisted desire to molest and kill a young child was overpowering and he returned to the park in the early evening hours, determined not to fail. The Neer Brothers Billy, 10, and his big brother Cole, 11, were late getting home from collecting golf balls from the local golf course, so decided to take the shortcut through the park. They came upon Dodd, blocking their way on the dirt trail. Dodd did not waste time and ordered the boys to follow him. The boys did as instructed, possibly out of fear when realizing the usually busy park was deserted so late in the day. Once off the trail, it took Dodd only 20 minutes to molest the boys, stab them and clean up the evidence. Cole took most of the abuse, probably in an attempt to save his younger brother, but nothing could save either boy from the pure evil which possessed Dodd. Dodd slashed at the boys and believing both boys were dead, he took off. Billy was found first, still alive, but he would die shortly after being taken to the hospital. Coles body was found several hours later after the Neers reported that their sons were missing and authorities knew to look for a second child. At first, Dodd worried that police would somehow link him to the murder of the Neer brothers, but Dodds unspeakable lusts were only heightened by his successful kills. His monstrous thoughts reached new depths of depravity. He pondered the greater thrill of castrating a young boy and watching the child bleed to death, or to keep him alive so that Dodd could cook the victims genitals in front of him and force feed them to the child. Possibly, he considered, the terror would actually be worse if Dodd himself ate them in front of their previous owner. Lee Iseli When Dodd realized that the police had no leads in the murders of the Neer boys, he began to plan his next move. He drove across the bridge to Portland, Oregon and cruised the parks and playgrounds, having some near misses. He finally went to a movie theater, but no opportunity to abduct a child presented itself. The next day he went to Richmond School Playground. Some older kids were playing football, but he noticed four-year-old Lee Iseli playing alone on a slide. Dodd asked little Lee if he wanted to have some fun and make some money. Lee - who had been taught not to talk to strangers - said no, but Dodd grabbed his hand and started toward his car. When Lee began to resist, Dodd told him not to worry, that Lees father had sent Dodd to pick him up. Inside Dodds apartment, Lee was subjected to unimaginable acts of abuse and torture, all carefully documented by Dodds with pictures and entries in his diary. The morning after his capture, Dodds hung Lee Iseli to death in his closet before heading off to work. He took photographs of the little boy dying and hanging dead, hid the body behind some blankets and left. After work, he made an entry in his diary that he would, have to find a place to dump the garbage, meaning the tiny tortured body of Lee Iseli. He decided to leave the boy by the Van Couver Lake and burn any evidence, except for the childs Ghostbusters underpants. Robert Iseli, Lees father, still had hope. Although Lee had been missing for several days, Mr. Iseli made a public statement expressing the hope that Lee had been taken by a lonely, but kindly person, but on the morning of November 1, 1989, all hope ended after the body of Lee Iseli was found. Capture and Confession Dodd, avoiding the local parks, decided that movie theaters would be a good place to hunt his next victim. He went to the New Liberty Theater and waited for a young child to go unattended to the restroom. He managed to get the screaming six-year-old boy outside but was captured by William Ray Graves, the boyfriend of the childs mother. Dodd was interrogated by police from Washington and Oregon, as a suspect in the murders of the Neer brothers and Lee Iseli. At first, he denied having any knowledge about the children and maintained that he only meant to molest the child from the theater. Then his whole attitude changed and he confessed to the murders, delighting in revealing the shocking details. He directed police to his diary, Lee Iselis Ghostbusters briefs, the incriminating photos, and the unused torture rack. Trial and Prosecution Dodd was charged with three counts of first-degree murder plus the attempted kidnapping from the New Liberty Theater. Against his lawyer’s advice, he pleaded not guilty but later changed that to guilty. It was up to a jury to decide the penalty. The district attorney made it clear the verdict he expected. He told the jury, He planned child murders. He committed child murders. He relived and fantasized child murders. With life in prison without the possibility of parole, two of those things are still available to him. The jury was then shown the diary, pictures, and other evidence. Dodds defense called no witnesses and presented no evidence. Dodds attorney, Lee Dane, did offer that no sane person would be capable of these heinous crimes. Dodd received the death sentence on July 15, 1990. No Appeals Dodd refused to appeal his death penalty and chose to hang as the method of execution, claiming he wanted to experience what Lee Iseli had experienced. He told the court, I must be executed before I have an opportunity to escape or kill someone within the prison. If I do escape, I promise you I will kill and rape and enjoy every minute of it. When You Meet a Stranger His date of execution was set for January 5, 1993. He received a lot of attention because no legal hanging had been done in the U.S. since 1965. Dodd enjoyed telling his story to the media and he wrote a pamphlet on how to avoid child molesters entitled When You Meet a Stranger. During the months before his execution, Dodds seemingly turned to the Bible for comfort. During one of his interviews, he said, I believe what the Bible teaches: Ill go to Heaven. I have doubts, but Id really like to believe that I would be able to go up to the three little boys and give them a hug and tell them how sorry I was and be able to love them with a real true love and have no desire to hurt them in any way. Last Words Westley Allan Dodd was executed at 12:05 a.m. on June 5, 1993. His final statement was, I was once asked by somebody, I dont remember who, if there was any way sex offenders could be stopped. I said, No. I was wrong. I was wrong when I said there was no hope, no peace. There is hope. There is peace. I found both in the Lord, Jesus Christ. Look to the Lord, and you will find peace. There were no apologies for his crimes, no obvious look of remorse. Outside the prison, those who were in support of the execution could be heard chanting rhymes like What the heck stretch his neck while the non-supporters wept at the news that his execution had gone on as planned.

Discuss tourism revenue vs. cultural integrity among nations whos Essay

Discuss tourism revenue vs. cultural integrity among nations whos economies rely on tourism - Essay Example This creates a task managing the conflicting demands of sustaining this source of revenue through cultural preservation with the forces of globalization and economic advancement among affected group of people. According to Gill (149), the efforts of governments to preserve cultural authenticity are aimed at creating or maintaining a cohesive but controlled marketable cultural image of the society. They aim at maximizing the cultural authenticity of the people while ensuring that the people also benefit from preserving their culture. Governments take advantage of the presence of wildlife in the area inhabited by such cultures to control commercial and industrial activities in the area. Such activities open an area to varied local and international immigrants for purposes of exploiting its economic potentialities. When this happens, the culture of the locals gets diluted due to influence. Using Maasai-land in Kenya as an example, the government does not allow the building of big hotels or setting up of industries in the area especially places near the game parks. Restricted commercialization limits the freedom of such cultures to access and utilize phones, internet and other modern technologies that could influence their mindset. Governments also advise and direct societies with authentic cultures on the type of economic activities to undertake. These are those that will limit the possibilities of their culture being eroded. The people are encouraged to adopt a tourism-oriented economy like producing artifacts instead of engaging in trading, mining or extensive farming. Heritage tourism is the basis of such kind of an economy. The Vietnam government aimed at recreating their authentic 17th century culture within the unstable context of 21st century in Hoi An town so as to improve its tourism attraction potential. As a result of this, officials in Hoi An have restricted the type of business allowed

Unit 1 - Program Capstone Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 1 - Program Capstone - Research Paper Example This explains why most employees appreciated the managers monitoring the activities of the employees and the overall company performance. In regards to the leading function, Google employs a democratic type of leadership that allows for participation of all members of the team; thus, proper participation in the course of accomplishment of tasks (Google Inc., 2015). Planning, as Daft & Marci (2012) and Daft & Marci (2012) indicate, is a core function for management. Planning is strong points of the managers of Google Inc. as the managers have been on the frontline to come up with processes that ensure they access the appropriate resourcing. The managers are also innovative and mostly focus on implementing their ideas effectively. Lastly, organization is also evident in Google. The company uses a product organizational structure where employees work based on their division and product such as employees on the YouTube and Chrome section (Google Inc., 2015). However, improvement may be needed, in terms of seeking ideas that will provide for diversification; thus, reach newer customers. Additionally, Google my benefit from creating more innovation ideas that would allow for growth of its company (Google Inc.,

Baroque music and Baroque art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Baroque music and Baroque art - Essay Example The art here produces unusual diversity during the Baroque period. This was because of current classicism and naturalism events which intermingled and coexisted with the Baroque style. The beginning of the Baroque painting is traced during the 16th century which ended with the painting of church ceilings. Most of the painting work was done in Western Europe with limited paintings being seen in Germany. Most of the paintings were in Austria and Holland where the architects broke from the Italian buildings in 1720s in an ornate monarchies, churches and palaces which were designed by the Asam brothers, J.B. Fischer von Erlach among others. The dramatic turn in music was witnessed during the 17th century with Italy leading the way. Despite the fact that Stile Antico was known polyphonic style, it was mainly reserved for the music. Besides, Stile moderno which mainly focused on solo music, base line and polarity of the melody and outstanding harmony developed for the secular music which w as between the instrumental and the vocal idioms. Just like the periods in art, the music period also presented a lot of diversity. Some of the frequent and common new vocals included oratorio, opera and cantala while the concerto, sonata and overture were the known created instruments for the instrumental music. Claudio Monteverdi was one of the greatest composers and was followed by Giovanni Pergolesi and Allesandro Scarlati; later, a myriad of other composers such as Frederic Handel, Sebastian Bach, etc.

Billy Elliot film text reponse Essay Example for Free

Billy Elliot film text reponse Essay Jackie Elliot is seen as a traditional man with anti feminist views. he sees that boys should be tough whilst girls should be more placid. Throughout the film Billy Elliot, the directer has created the character Jackie Elliot, a widowed father feeling the grief of the recent lose of his wife. This essay suggests that the grief could be a factor of how Jackie goes about supporting his son. The time that this film is set, is in the mid 80s. It could be that people who do not keep to the social norm are discriminated against, which is a different circumstance in todays society, where people are very unique and most people value eachothers individuality. In the town of Durham, the community has the same expectations as Jackie with gender based traditions and this may have influenced him to think this way. When Billy is taken to the boxing gym by his father, he finds out that he doesnt really like the idea of being a boxer once he steps into the ring for the first time. Billy knows his father must really want Billy to get good at this tough sport, because in this family, that is stricken with poverty; his father still manages to pay for billys lessons and does want him to achieve. they were my dads gloves, youd better take better care of them Jackie and his father were obviously unable to achieve from boxing, hes putting his last hope in Billy. Billy is aware of how his family and the community feel about boys doing ballet and has alot of courage to put their thoughts aside and just do the thing he loves. Upon finding out about Billys dancing. Jackie becomes enraged and expresses views of homophobic, Billy is determined to keep on dancing. It is not until Jackie actually sees Billy dance for the first time, that he realises that dancing might well and trully be his sons future. He sees that Billy does have talent and lowers himself into going back to work just so he can afford to take Billy to London for his audition himself. It is what mum would have wanted, throughout the film, you watch as Jackie  grieves for his dead wife, in that he hates Billy playing his mothers piano. Billy must have inherited his interest in music and dance from his mother which is probably why Jackie must have hated it at first; Billy was like his mother and it reminded Jackie of her too much. He gives into his pain by selling jewelry for his son. Jackie is most proud of his son, when at the end of the film. Billy dances out onto a big stage to perform swanlake. It takes Jackies breathe away. Overall through this film, we see Jackie, a father who does love his son. Aside from hgis traditional and antifeminist beliefs, Jackie was able to come through with great support for his son. All he wants for his son is to see him doing something he loves, even if that is dancing TEACHER COMMENTS: good, try to use lots of quotes and and examples from the film and refer back to the question throughout your essay.

GCSE English Coursework Gothic Prose Stokers Dracula versus Shelleys

Perhaps one of the most dramatic genres of literature, the gothic genre, already set in unpredictable and unsettling times of revolution ingeniously set the stage for such horror stories as were never before seen by modern society. Artists like Bram Stoker, who was bedridden until the age of seven, and Mary Shelley, whose mother died giving birth flourished, and produced literary pieces that, in the midst of revolution, started their own revolution. Bram Stoker, born in 1847, was a sickly child, and was bedridden until the age of seven. Naturally, due to his being bedridden for such a long period of time, Stoker developed a sense of drama and literature at a young age, and wrote stories all through his life. However, as if to make up for his childhood, Stoker became a superior athlete, and after university, he went on to work in civil service. During his civil work, Stoker continued to write, and his first story, â€Å"The Crystal Cup†, was published in 1872. One of Stoker’s many short stories, â€Å"Dracula’s Guest†, is an example of the gothic brilliance that Stoker brought to dark times. Stoker used the elements of fiction perceptively to his advantage, and created a gothic masterpiece. Stoker’s protagonist, an innocent and adventurous Englishman, is spending â€Å"Walpurgis Night† (the mythical night of the devil) in Germany. Interestingly, all is not as it seems, as the first dialogue from the protagonist is the imploring question, â€Å"Tell me Johann, what is tonight?†, implying that the adventurous Englishman is more ignorant than innocent and foreshadowing his later vulnerability. In addition, the weather and development of increasingly suspicious landmarks become gradually more threatening throughout the story. Stoker uses setting i... ...and so are human, which shows the reader the inhumanity of the protagonist. This creates horror, because human readers can no longer relate to the protagonist, and he becomes increasingly more inhuman to the reader. Both Stoker and Shelley use setting, character and plot in their stories for the development of horror and suspense. While Stoker’s story is more physically frightening in its nature, following a terrified, ignorant protagonist on his journey through a city of the damned, Shelley’s story is equally as horrific as it traces the metamorphosis of a human being into an inhuman immortal who is caught in eternal life. Both authors use dramatic irony and an increasing threat to the protagonist to develop horror and suspense in their stories, and although the two stories use different techniques, both authors succeed in creating unfailingly gothic prose.

Needs of American Cities for Policing Policy

In analyzing the needs of American cities for policing policy for the future, race has to be considered in the equation. Researchers note that it is not possible to ignore the variable of race when describing the nature of policing in the United States. This includes efforts to develop a community policing concept, and race enters both for policing in the minority community and for the way policing does or does not use racial profiling so as to antagonize the minority community. In much of America, relations between the police and the African-American community have long been tense. In some regions, the police are viewed as an occupying army present not to protect the people but to control them and to keep them in their place. Numerous civil disturbances in recent decades can be traced to tensions between the police and the black community, from the riots of the summer of 1965 to the riot in Los Angeles after the first Rodney King verdict, from the problems in Crown Heights in New York to any number of disputed police shooting incidents in cities across the country. Even without a specific incident to set off a disturbance, there is often an underlying tension between poor black communities and the surrounding society, with the police serving as a symbol of that society: The very complex, diffuse, interrelated, but still independent nature of the social, political, and economic institutions within American society, supported by layers and layers of public and private bureaucracies often manipulated by elusive, anonymous power brokers, perpetually frustrate the attempts of Black Americans to modify and reorder societal arrangements in their favor. Therefore, the â€Å"system† is identified as the culprit (Wintersmith, 1974, p. 2). The fact that the police are the most likely target for black hostility and aggression, however, does not mean blacks do not have a real reason to fear the police or the rallying cry of â€Å"law and order†: For Black Americans this slogan connotes oppression, police occupation of Black communities, inequitable and selective police treatment, disregard for human and constitutional rights of Black citizens, and continued denial of equitable opportunity (Wintersmith, 1974, p. ). Community Policing is a program that links the actions of the police with citizen participation as part of an overall effort to solve the problems of the community by involving the community, and such an approach can help inform the public and gain public acceptance for the minority hire program a well. The community policing model is based on that sort of assumption and on the view that crime has many complex causes and that police departments cannot keep the streets safe by themselves. If crime is to be controlled, police must reach out to other local institutions, and indeed to the broader community at large, and create partnerships. Among the features of such a program are integrated investigations, team and neighborhood rather than a shift and divisional basis for officer deployment, foot patrols, and community service as a focus along with problem-oriented policing instead of mere crime-fighting. Programs of this sort mean a different structure for the police as well as altered functions, allocations of resources, and general attitude. This can be a challenge to traditional police department structures because the traditional method is to respond to citizen demand rather than to try to ascertain the underlying forces creating patterns of problems. The community policing method is proactive rather than responsive. The approach also calls attention to the degree to which the police are dependent on the public for support, information, and cooperation. A recent study suggests that the benefits of community policing may have been oversold to the public, but there are also indications that community policing needs to be given time to work and that the police and the community must become more comfortable with one another to create a better atmosphere (Moran & Bucqueroux, 1995, p. 1057). One way for the police to learn more about the neighborhood and the residents is to be residents themselves. Requiring officers to live in the community is seen as a way of enhancing the community policing effort in a variety of ways and of adding to the comfort level on both sides. Police and citizens should see themselves as part of the same community. Informal and casual contact between police officers and the public occurs at different rates in different communities. Often, members of the public keep their distance from police officers out of concern that they will be investigated or somehow drawn into police activity or because of a general distrust of the police: â€Å"American studies show high social isolation of police officers in comparison with people in other occupations (Guyot, 1991, p. 279). Some see the police as having isolated themselves intentionally, leaving them open to charges of abusing their authority by coming into neighborhoods in which they have no stake and using their power unwisely. Community policing is seen as a way of reversing this. Wilson and Kelling (1989) note of crime, â€Å"Most crime in most neighborhoods is local: the offenders live near their victims† (Wilson & Kelling, 1989, p. 46). This makes people in these neighborhoods feel less safe, just as they can be made to feel more safe if police offices live in the neighborhood. The officers need to be comfortable with the victims and to understand the perpetrators, and living in the community they serve. Bringing more minorities into the police department is also often emphasized as a way to reach and include the black community. The proper model for bringing new hires into the department and for finding more qualified minorities is recruitment rather than hiring. Most departments emphasize hiring, which means that applicants come in on their own and ask to join the department, after which they are evaluated. Recruitment involves seeking out qualified applicants and selling the idea and the department to them. This is a practice approach that can be conducted throughout the community, for individuals of all backgrounds, and this also avoids the quota stigma while including more minorities by identifying those who would fit the needs of the department. This still leaves a barrier in the form of the requirements for qualification, which need to be more flexible in order to emphasize training after acceptance rather than having the skills needed before applying. This idea would also extend the reach of the recruiter more deeply into minority groups (Carter & Radelet, 1999, p. 173). The development of a proper plan for implementing recruiting means determining need on several bases, including short-term needs, medium-term needs, and long-term needs. For all, the department needs to develop â€Å"a marketing plan for recruiting that includes operational, tactical, and strategic objectives† (Carter & Radelet, 1999, pp. 174-175). Developing a plan for hiring more minority officers can begin with analyzing what other departments have done to address the same issue, and some of what is found in a survey on the subject includes good recommendations for an approach to take. For instance, an Action Plan offered by the department in the Canadian city of Brantford includes noting that the minorities already in the department can be a great help in recruiting new minority hires by serving as the face of the department in certain communities. For instance, these officers can be depicted in recruitment materials in the law enforcement role whenever possible to encourage potential female and visible minority candidates. These officers can also be used to give active encouragement for the recruitment of potential candidates. They can also represent the department at high schools, colleges, and universities to attract potential candidates through continued participation in such things as the student co-op placement program, anti-vandalism program, and the High School Resource Officer program. These officers can also work with groups in the community representing the community diversity to build relationships and encourage potential candidates, which will also involve sitting on police liaison committees and hosting Citizenship Court (Recruiting Process, 2004). Allen (2003) suggests that the only way to keep police departments focused on minority hiring is by instituting an affirmative action program, but given recent court rulings and public attitudes, that is not a viable solution. Allen does note that keeping up with minority hiring is a problem because what is required always changes, as noted with reference to mesa, Arizona: The minority population is slowly yet steadily increasing. Both the increase in population and changes in ethnic demographics have affected the city's public safety needs and contribute to the department's difficulty in becoming more diverse (Allen, 2003). Among the problems noted for programs to hire more minorities are resistance from within from officers who feel threatened by change, community resistance, suits from those who believe they have been the target of reverse discrimination, and simple difficulties in finding qualified applicants. Programs useful in police hiring can be adapted to the specific needs of minority hiring. In order to improve the quality of police recruits in general, programs have been set up at the college and university levels in order to recruit better-educated officers. Such programs can be used effectively at traditionally back colleges and universities in order to garner attention and attract minority recruits from that population. Such an approach would also be key to bringing in more recruits who would be good candidates for advancement in order to improve the mix in managerial roles. One of the complaints leveled at some departments when they use affirmative action for minority hiring is that the level of recruits goes down, but this would not be the case with recruits attracted from minority colleges. Within the department, a mentor program can be created to empower existing minority officers to give assistance, training, and advice to new recruits, a program that would help all officers and the department as a whole and that would also be especially useful for keeping new minority hires on track so they do not get discouraged and resign, as often happens. The mentors also serve as role models of what advancement brings. Once the department is on it way to a more varied and advanced status, it can offer incentives to minority officers from other departments to transfer. This can be another way of gaining qualified recruits, especially for the management level, as such a move up can be offered as the incentive that attracts them in the first place. They can then serve as mentors to other minority applicants and help expand the reach of the department. Their experience can also be invaluable. Once these programs are in place, they must be maintained in order to keep the department fresh, at a proper level of minority employment, and at a high level of community involvement and service and a high level of overall competence. The degree of change in the department in terms of the makeup of the force will show how well the program is working, just as normal evaluations of the work performance of new hires and old will show that the change is beneficial to the department. This analysis shows that there is a need to consider race first in terms of the community and second in terms of the make-up of the police force. In both cases, this is because race remains a dividing issue and one that is exacerbated by most poling programs. Community policing offers at least the chance of improving the system and reducing both the threat to the community and antipathy from the community.